Syeda Saman Kazmi-Spinocerebellar ataxia-(Pakistani)

Patient's name: Syeda Saman Kazmi
Gender: Female
Age: 17 years old
Nationality: Pakistani
Diagnosis: Spinocerebellar ataxia

Prior to treatment:
The patient was admitted as spinal cerebellar ataxia due to the main symptoms of "dizziness, abnormal gait, and unstable walking for over 2 years". She denied any other chronic diseases or underlying medical conditions, and had no history of genetic diseases.

Admission Examination:
The patient's blood pressure was 119/83 mmHg, and her heart rate was 108 beats per minute. Her nutritional status was moderate. Her skin and mucous membranes were without jaundice or bleeding points. Her thoracic cavity was symmetrical, and her lungs had normal respiratory sounds without obvious dry or moist rales. Her heart sounds were strong, regular, and there were no obvious murmurs in any valve areas. Her abdomen was flat and soft, and the liver and spleen were not palpable. There was no edema in her both lower limbs.

Neurological Examination:
The patient had clear mind, with mild mental tension and slightly impaired language compared to before the onset of illness. Her memory, calculation ability, and orientation were basically normal. Her pupils were equal in size and round, with a diameter of 3mm. Her light reflexes were sensitive, and there was eye nystagmus in both horizontal and upward directions. Her visual acuity and field of vision were normal. Her bilateral frontotemporal wrinkles were symmetrical, as were the bilateral chewing muscles strongly, with no deviation of the corners of the mouth. Her soft palate lift was strong, with the epiglottis in the middle. Her cheeks could be blowing with ease, and her tongue was in center. She had normal hearing. Her neck and shoulder movements were symmetrical and strong. Her muscle strength in the four extremities was grade 5. Her muscle tone in the four extremities was basically normal. Her tendon reflexes were decreased in the four extremities. There were no pathological reflexes. Her deep and superficial sensation was normal. Her finger to nose test was unstable and inaccurate, as well as clumsiness in the rapid alternating test, instability and inaccuracy in the heel-shin test, and positive findings for the standing with one foot test. She was unable to stand on one foot, walk independently, walk in a straight line, or easily fall down. Her meningeal irritation sign was negative.

Treatment process:
The patient was treated with CAST therapy and a combination of two types of stem cells, neural stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells, to repair the cerebellum and spinal cord nerves, nourish nerves, improve the body's environment, regulate immunity, and perform comprehensive rehabilitation training.

After treatment:
The patient's mental state has improved significantly, with a reduction in her tendency to be nervous, and her dizziness is alleviating. Her balance and coordination skills have noticeably improved. Her speed and agility in performing rapid hand switch tests have significantly increased, and her stability and precision in the finger-to-nose test have improved significantly. Her heel-to-knee-toe test is stable and accurate. Her inability to stand without support has turned to a negative test result. She can stand on one foot for more than 3 seconds, and her ability to walk in a straight line has noticeably improved. Her heart function has improved compared with before, and her heart rate has decreased from 100-120 beats per minute at admission to 75-80 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm.